For those who have worked with WordPress long enough, you’re likely familiar and comfortable with how hooks works – that is, you’re familiar and comfortable with the event-driven design pattern.
Sure, it’s a bit different than many other frameworks and foundations that use MVC, MVVM, and some other remix of the model-view paradigm, but I don’t think that’s really here nor there in terms of which is better. This is what WordPress uses and it’s easy enough – and powerful enough – to work with once you’ve got it.
But that’s not to say it’s not without it’s nuances.
For example, one of the challenges of working with event-driven design is understanding how hooks work throughout the page lifecycle, how it’s possible to actually get stuck in an infinite loop if you’re not careful, and how to work with the various hooks to prevent this from happening.
Unhook and Hook the Save Post Action
To give a clear example as to how you can create an infinite loop within the context of event-driven design, take a look at the following code.
Though this is a simple example, here’s exactly what the class is doing:
- The class defines a callback on the
save_post
action. - Then
save_post
is fired, themodify_post_content
function is fired. modify_post_content
updates the post given the new array which empties the post content.
But there’s a problem in this code: Specifically, wp_update_post
calls save_post
, and when save_post
is called, it triggers the modify_post_content
function which sets the whole process into motion again.
So there’s our infinite loop.
Fixing the issue isn’t terribly difficult – simply put, you need to temporarily unhook modify_post_content
from the save_post
action to make sure that the update function fires without continually calling our custom.
To do this, we need to adjust the code to do the following:
- Create the array that will be used to update the post
- Unhook the
modify_post_content
action from thesave_post
hook - Update the post
- Re-hook attach the
save_post
action
See the following code.
That will end the endless loop.
But Wait, There’s a Gotcha
What’s a piece of sample code without something that could go wrong?
Depending on your use case, un-hooking and re-hooking the action may still result in a loop depending on the priority of the hook that you’ve defined or based on any number of conditions based on the hook that you’re using.
Obviously, the code is above is meant to demonstrate how to handle the case of working with hooks to prevent an endless loop, but it’s not a mini-pattern or prescription for how to handle all cases like this.
Additionally, Helen points out an interesting point in that, in the code above, a better option would be to use wp_insert_post_data
so if you’re looking for a copy-and-paste solution (which I’m no fan of), then the above code isn’t ideal. Instead, the point of the code above is to demonstrate how callbacks and trigger loops in event-driven programming.
If you’re looking to update a post’s data without falling into that trap, don’t copy and code above. Modify it to use the wp_insert_post_data
function as shared by Helen.
Ultimately, the point is that you need to be careful in how you un-hook an action, perform an action, then re-hook an action. You may need to introduce some type of control variable to make sure that it doesn’t get called again after the hook is reattached, or reconsider your flow of control if performing the above action doesn’t work.
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